Instructions of generator set

Instructions of generator set
Generator is able to mechanical energy or other renewable energy into electrical energy generating capacity. Generally, we usually common steam turbine generator, turbine or internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel and other engines) drive, but in recent years, said the new renewable energy sources including nuclear, wind, solar, biomass, ocean energy, etc. As the capacity of the larger diesel generator sets, and the machine can run long and continuous power supply, but also run independently, does not run in parallel with the regional power grid, from power grid failures, and high reliability. Particularly common in some areas electricity is not very reliable in the case, the diesel generators as backup power, emergency power both play a role, but also the rational optimization by low-pressure system, usually the more important will be some of the load during power outages use, so the project has been widely used. Following the common generators of the basic principles and structure were to be introduced:
1 Turbine and turbine generator sets supporting. In order to obtain high efficiency, generally made of high-speed turbine, usually 3000 r / min (frequency 50 Hz) or 3600 r / min (frequency 60 Hz). Nuclear power plant in the turbine speed is low, but also 1500 rev / min or more. High-speed turbo-generator in order to reduce the centrifugal force generated due to mechanical stress and reduce wind abrasion, generally do relatively small rotor diameter, length is relatively large, that is, using thin rotor. Especially in the 3000 r / min or more of the large-capacity high-speed unit, because the relationship between the strength of the material, the rotor diameter are strictly limited, usually not more than 1.2 meters. The body length of the rotor critical speed has been limited. When the body length of more than 6 times the diameter, the rotor of the second critical speed will be close to the motor running speed, running a large vibration may occur. Therefore, the size of large high-speed turbo-generator rotor is severely restricted. About 100,000 kilowatts of its air-cooled motor rotor size has reached the limits of size, again increasing the motor capacity, only the electromagnetic load by increasing the motor to achieve. So we must strengthen the motor cooling. Therefore, 5 to 10 million kw turbine generator with a cooling effect are good hydrogen-cooled or water-cooled technology. Since the 1970s, turbine-generator unit has reached the maximum capacity of 130 to 150 million kilowatts.Since 1986, the high critical temperature superconducting materials research has made a major breakthrough.Superconducting technology is expected to be applied in the turbine, turbine generator that will produce a new history leap.
2. hydro-generating unit driven by the turbine generator sets.Because the different natural conditions hydropower, hydro-generating unit’s capacity and speed vary widely. Typically small hydro and turbine-driven high-speed impact hydro and more horizontal structure, and large and medium-speed generator-generation multi-use vertical structure. As the station away from the city in most places, it usually takes longer to load power transmission lines, therefore, the operation of hydro electric power system to a higher stability of the proposed requirements: motor parameters need to be carefully selected; of moment of inertia of the rotor requires large. Therefore, the appearance and hydro turbine-generator is different from its rotor diameter and short length. Hydro-generating unit start, and net takes less time to run the scheduling flexibility, in addition to its general power outside, particularly suitable as a peaking unit and standby unit accidents. Hydro-generating unit’s maximum capacity has reached 70 million kilowatts.
3 diesel generator sets
Diesel engine-driven generator running, the diesel’s energy into electricity, according to their different purposes, can be divided into land and marine diesel generator set diesel generator set; If you press the different brands can be divided into domestic and imported diesel diesel generator setsgenerators; press speed can be divided into low-speed generator sets and high-speed generator.
3.1 diesel engine-driven generator the basic principles of operation, the diesel’s energy into electricity. In the diesel engine cylinder, filtered through the air filter clean air and high pressure spray nozzle out of the diesel jet mixing, extrusion of the piston upward, the volume is reduced, the temperature increased rapidly, reaching diesel ignition. Diesel fuel was ignited, the combustion gas mixture intense, rapid expansion of the volume, push the piston down, called ‘make work’. The cylinder for a certain order of power, the thrust acting on the piston rod into a drive through the power of the crankshaft rotation, so as to drive the crankshaft rotation. The brushless synchronous AC generator and diesel engine crankshaft coaxial installation, you can use the diesel engine driven generator rotor rotation, the use of ‘electromagnetic induction’ principle, alternator output induced electromotive force will, by closing the load circuit can generate current . Describe here only the most basic working principle of the generator set. To be usable, stable power output, but also a range of diesel engine and generator controls, protection devices and circuits.
3.2 Structural analysis of diesel generator sets
One common type of diesel generator set mainly by the diesel engine, generator and control system consists of three parts, diesel engines and generators have two connections, one for flexible connection, that is coupling the docking of two parts, two for the rigid connection , with high strength bolts connecting the steel sheet generator and diesel engine flywheel disc connection is made on the market today use diesel generators are more rigid connection of some diesel engines and generators connected after installation in the public end of the shelf, then coupled with the protective effect of various sensors, such as temperature sensors, these sensors to visually display the engine running to the operator, and with these sensors, you can set an upper limit, when reached or exceeded the limit when the control system will be pre-alarm, this time if the operator failed to take measures to control the system will automatically turning off the unit, diesel generator sets in this way is to take effect from the self-protection. Feedback received from various sensors and the role of information, display the data and perform real protection is the diesel generator control system, control panel is usually installed on the generator, known as backpack-style control panel, there is an independent part of a screen placedIn the operating room, called the split control panel, control panel via cables and generators and sensors, respectively, show electrical parameters and engine operating parameters.In addition, the generators have the chassis, couplings, radiator, fuel tank, and some equipped with muffler and housing.
4 wind turbine
Wind turbine wind energy is converted into mechanical work to power machinery, also known as the windmill. Broadly speaking, it is the sun as a heat source to heat the atmosphere as the working medium used engine. Mechanical connection with the power to pass the horizontal axis wind turbine blades by high-speed gear box and universal shaft with flexible coupling connected to the torque to the generator shaft, the coupling should have a good damping and vibration absorption characteristics, the performance of the absorption amount of radial, axial, and the offset angle, and the coupling of mechanical devices to prevent overload. Another fan blades for the direct drive gear box without going through the fan motor directly connected to the motor type.