Identification and selection of oil quality
(A) the identification of new and used motor oil quality
Currently, the market> market for the sale of oil is not so “pure”, shoddy, inferior charge excellent widespread. When you need to buy oil, if you do not have the ability to identify the quality of identification and grades, should be invited to a special technician or experienced technician to help choose.
1. Observation of oil color
Genuine bulk oil made mostly light blue, with a bright gloss, flow uniformity. Any uneven color, flowing lines with a different color, who are inferior or deteriorated oil, if the use of such oil, will seriously damage the engine. The color is golden yellow oil imports slightly blue, crystal clear, making fine drums, the edge pattern code clear, neat, seamless color and overlap, otherwise fake.
2. Identification and testing of oil viscosity grade
Bottled oil made gasoline engine oil and diesel oil sub-two. Gasoline engine oil viscosity divided by HQ? 6, HQ? 6D, HQ? 10 and HQ? 15 four kinds of grades, grades should be used in low temperatures or with a small number of “D” word oil, high temperatures should be used in a large number of grades of oil. Diesel engine oil viscosity divided by HC? 8, HC? 11 and HC? 14 号 three kinds of grades, use the same principles and gasoline. As China’s machinery industry and the gradual integration of international standards, oil grades gradually adapt to international standards, some domestic oil grades now have the use of imported oil standard grades, specific choice of methods and following the same.
Net imports of oil to the Toyota brand oil, for example: limousine should use 5W? 40 all-weather oil, although higher prices, but it can ensure the lubrication effect limousine; turbocharged diesel engine should use CD? 30 oil; general vehicle winter SG10W ? 30 oil, use in summer SG? 30 oil.
3. Smell the odor
Qualified oil should be no special smell, only slightly aromatic. Any of the olfactory stimuli, and the smell of big oil are bad or inferior oil, must not be used.
(B) identification of the use of oil
Identify the use of oil quality, is to determine whether the basis of need to replace oil.
1. Twist to identify
Remove the oil pan in a little oil on the fingers twist. Twist when, if any sticky feeling, and a drawing phenomenon, indicating that oil is not bad, can continue to use, or should be replaced.
2. Dipstick to identify
Against the light at the oil gauge out of calibration line is clearly observed, when the oil through the dipstick can not see your engraved line, then the oil is too dirty, to be replaced immediately.
3. Identification of dumping
Take a small amount of oil into the oil pan in a container, then pour from the container slowly to observe the flow of oil sheen and viscosity. If the oil flow to maintain the slender and uniform, indicating that there is no glial oil and impurities, can also be used for a period of time, or should be replaced.
4. Check the oil droplets
A drop in the white paper on the oil sump, if the droplet center of a large black spots, dark brown, and even without particles, infiltration around the small yellow, indicating the oil deterioration should be replaced. If the droplet center is smaller and lighter black spots, surrounded by large yellow signs of infiltration, indicating that the oil can also be used.
Above should be checked after the engine shut down when the oil has not been precipitated, or they may not be the right conclusion. Because oil sedimentation, floating in the above is often a good oil, such inspection only superficial, and deterioration of oil or impurities remain in the sump at the bottom, which may cause false alarms.
Second, add the oil and replace
(A) and added to determine the replacement
Some people think that the engine oil can not be added, but only used to replace the way, in fact, this should be based on the actual situation to judge. Have the opportunity to reduce fuel oil does not mean lower quality, but because of a reason caused, if not add direct replacement, may be an unnecessary waste. After the completion of running the new engine oil should be cleaned thoroughly and replace the oil passages, not add, its purpose is to exclude the run-in period produced by mechanical impurities. For the working poor condition of the engine, such as channeling gas cylinder serious, often new replacement oil will soon fail, and you should be replaced with the engine overhaul oil.
The engine running after the completion of the replacement oil consumption should be based on the size of their regular inspection and added, but can not exceed twice the number added. If you have been added down the amount of surface oil is sufficient, but actually it contains a lot of very bad for lubrication and colloidal impurities, so that effective lubrication oil is greatly reduced, will accelerate the mechanical wear and tear. Therefore, the standard should be based on replacement of the replacement. Some comrades of the machine, especially in rural hand, in order to save money and add unlimited continues, and finally to the oil sump into the viscosity of the asphalt-like, even when starting in the winter are due to the resistance is too large to be. As everyone knows, saving some money, destroying a machine.
(B) the method of oil change
1. Start the engine until the engine temperature rose to normal operating temperature, the hot waste oil put the net (including crude oil within the oil filter and radiator).
2. By the ratio of 1:1 oil and diesel oil cleaning preparation, the oil will be cleaned to the required increase oil level. Start the engine, medium-speed running 5 ~ 10min, hot oil will clean up the net, if necessary, cleaned twice.
3. Clean or replace the oil filter, disposable filter must be replaced, centrifugal oil filter, just wash the rotor cavity.
4. Install oil filter, the filter should be filled with clean oil in order to ensure the early start of oil within the oil channel number, to prevent the start of the wear and tear.
5. Select the appropriate grade of oil add oil pan until the oil out of the mouth clean and tighten up the oil when the oil drain plug and oil adjusted to the required height.
6. Change the oil after the oil pressure should be checked, if the pressure changes, should be adjusted according to relevant provisions of the pre-order.
7. For the first time the engine oil increases the ignition should be the case without turning the engine until the oil pressure gauge with the instructions, before starting the engine, so as to avoid the start of the wear of moving parts.
In short, the correct selection, inspection and replacement of oil, is used to ensure engine performance and an important part of extending its life to be caused by vehicles and Maintenance staff are highly valued.